commentary Commentary
Commentary: The painful collision between work life and pregnancy loss
Employees who have suffered a miscarriage or stillbirth are more likely to quit their jobs and suffer from impaired work performance. Pregnancy loss is not just a personal issue, but a workplace issue, say three observers.
A woman rehearsing a presentation at work. (Photo: Unsplash/rawpixel)
OTTAWA: “It is with broken hearts that we share the news that our baby … was born sleeping. I will not be back into the office for another two weeks, as I need that time to heal, both physically and psychologically. Thank you for your patience and understanding during this incredibly difficult time.”
This was an email excerpt written by a senior consulting group manager to inform clients that her first daughter was stillborn.
With recent celebrity disclosures of pregnancy loss making headlines, including Meghan, the Duchess of Sussex’s opinion piece in the New York Times announcing her miscarriage, more women are taking to social media to share similar stories of pain and disclosure.
Their shared experiences underscore the reality that one in four pregnancies ends in loss.
Miscarriage and stillbirth (pregnancy loss before and after 20 weeks, respectively) are remarkably common and can have pervasive impacts on work and life.
Employees who have lost a pregnancy are more likely to quit their jobs, change careers and suffer from impaired work performance for months to years.
For these employees and their organisations, pregnancy loss is not just a personal issue, but also a workplace issue.
READ: Commentary: The cult of work is eroding the value of parenthood
READ: Commentary: Is it wrong for new parents to have negative thoughts?
PREGNANCY LOSS AND WORK
As a highly stigmatised health issue, pregnancy loss is rarely discussed or supported at work.
Employees who lose a pregnancy may return to work still dealing with physical symptoms and psychological distress often augmented by social stigma, loneliness and isolation.
Furthermore, showing distress at work — like breaking down or crying — is often considered unprofessional. That means employees are likely to hide their pain, which can lead to burnout and interfere with the grief process.
As a participant in one of our studies put it:
Nobody at work wants to address it, nobody wants to talk about grief or what the aftermath of that looks like. Everybody’s nervous about saying the wrong thing, and nervous about somebody crying if you bring it up.
Due to experiences like this one, employees may be less likely to disclose pregnancy loss, leading them to suffer in silence.
Some employees may return to work while still physically recovering and may wonder if they could be to blame for the loss, leading to feelings of shame, guilt and reduced confidence.
READ: Commentary: Miscarriage is devastating yet no one at work wants to talk about it
READ: Commentary: Miscarriages affect 1 in 6 pregnancies - but is rarely caused by anything the mother did
Women may even actively miscarry while at work without disclosing their situation. Employees may choose not to disclose or discuss loss at work due to fear of discrimination, stigma and a lack of awareness.
One employee described disclosing her pregnancy loss to her manager:
After my first miscarriage, I told a few people at work. My manager, who I had had a good relationship with, asked me how far along I was, and when I told her I was 14 weeks along, her response was: ‘Well, it was only a ball of cells at that point, it wasn’t really a baby yet.’ To me, it wasn’t a ball of cells at all, it was a baby and I had heard his heartbeat.
Similar responses are plastered all over social media. Just read the comments following Meghan’s New York Times op-ed or any of Chrissy Teigen’s Instagram photos depicting her recent pregnancy loss.
These comments reflect societal beliefs that pregnancy loss is not a legitimate loss, and that “unborn” is synonymous with “unloved.” As a result, employees experiencing this type of loss may be denied the support that they need.
SUPPORTING EMPLOYEES THROUGH A PREGNANCY LOSS
Although most employers are grossly ill-equipped to support employees after pregnancy loss, they have the power to change this.
Employers stand to gain by providing support to employees experiencing pregnancy loss and addressing the associated stigma.
In doing so, employers can improve retention, promote positive work outcomes and support employee health and well-being. Such support could involve:
1. Adopting compassionate and flexible maternity, parental and/or bereavement leave options that are inclusive of pregnancy loss.
2. Establishing policies and practices that identify and accommodate the specific needs of bereaved employees.
3. Providing free access to psychological counselling, and reminding recently bereaved employees of these resources.
4. Building a psychologically safe culture where employees can disclose pregnancy loss and other stigmatized topics without fear of repercussions.
5. Training supervisors on how to best acknowledge grief and support grieving employees.
Through these efforts, employers may be able to temper the suffering caused by the inescapable collision between loss and work.
Listen to experts discuss the challenges surrounding narrowing the gender pay gap and how employers can do so without resorting to special dispensation on CNA's Heart of the Matter podcast:
Jennifer Dimoff is Assistant Professor, Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management, University of Ottawa. Jacquelyn Brady is Assistant Professor of Psychology, San José State University. Stephanie Gilbert is Assistant Professor of Organizational Management, Cape Breton University. This commentary first appeared in The Conversation.
